Kelvi

Biology questions for 2022

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Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). $\newline$ Assertion (A) : $\newline$ Polymerase chain reaction is used in DNA amplification. $\newline$ Reason (R) : $\newline$ The ampicillin resistant gene is used as a selectable marker to check transformation. $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

2. The process of translation of mRNA to proteins begins as soon as:

3. The gaseous plant growth regulator is used in plants to:

4. Exoskeleton of arthropods is composed of:

5. Which of the following is not observed during apoplastic pathway?

6. Which of the following is not a method of ex situ conservation?

7. Match List-I with List-II:

8. Which one of the following statements is not true regarding gel electrophoresis technique?

9. Which one of the following is not true regarding the release of energy during ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis? It involves:

10. DNA polymorphism forms the basis of:

11. Habitat loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation, alien species invasion, and co-extinction are causes for:

12. The device which can remove particulate matter present in the exhaust from a thermal power plant is:

13. Which one of the following plants does not show plasticity?

14. Which one of the following statements cannot be connected to Predation?

15. What amount of energy is released from glucose during lactic acid fermentation?

16.

Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: Mendel studied seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants and proposed the Laws of Inheritance. $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement II: Seven characters examined by Mendel in his experiment on pea plants were seed shape and colour, flower colour, pod shape and colour, flower position and stem height. $\newline$ $\newline$

17.

Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: Decomposition is a process in which the detritus is degraded into simpler substances by microbes. $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement II: Decomposition is faster if the detritus is rich in lignin and chitin. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

18.

Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ (a) Euchromatin is loosely packed chromatin $\newline$ (b) Heterochromatin is transcriptionally active $\newline$ (c) Histone octamer is wrapped by negatively charged DNA in nucleosome $\newline$ (d) Histones are rich in lysine and arginine $\newline$ (e) A typical nucleosome contains 400 bp of DNA helix

19. Which one of the following plants shows vexillary aestivation and diadelphous stamens?

20.

In old trees the greater part of secondary xylem is dark brown and resistant to insect attack due to: $\newline$ (a) Secretion of secondary metabolites and their deposition in the lumen of vessels. $\newline$ (b) Deposition of organic compounds like tannins and resins in the central layers of stem. $\newline$ (c) Deposition of suberin and aromatic substances in the outer layer of stem. $\newline$ (d) Deposition of tannins, gum, resin, and aromatic substances in the peripheral layers of stem. $\newline$ (e) Presence of parenchyma cells, functionally active xylem elements and essential oils.

21.

Read the following statements about the vascular bundles: $\newline$ $\newline$ (a) In roots, xylem and phloem in a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner along different radii. $\newline$ (b) Conjoint closed vascular bundles do not possess cambium. $\newline$ (c) In open vascular bundles, cambium is present in between xylem and phloem. $\newline$ (d) The vascular bundles of dicotyledonous stem possess endarch protoxylem. $\newline$

22. Which one of the following never occurs during mitotic cell division?

23. Production of Cucumber has increased manifold in recent years. Application of which of the following phytohormones has resulted in this increased yield as the hormone is known to produce female flowers in the plants?

24.

The flowers are Zygomorphic in: $\newline$ (a) Mustard $\newline$ (b) Gulmohar $\newline$ (c) Cassia $\newline$ (d) Datura $\newline$ (e) Chilly $\newline$ $\newline$

25.

$\newline$ Identify the correct set of statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ (a) The leaflets are modified into pointed hard thorns in Citrus and Bougainvillea. $\newline$ (b) Axillary buds form slender and spirally coiled tendrils in cucumber and pumpkin. $\newline$ (c) Stem is flattened and fleshy in Opuntia and modified to perform the function of leaves. $\newline$ (d) Rhizophora shows vertically upward growing roots that help to get oxygen for respiration.

26. Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

27. Which one of the following produces nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of Alnus?

28. Identify the incorrect statement related to Pollination:

29.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous. $\newline$ Statement II: Cleistogamy is disadvantageous as there is no chance for cross-pollination. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

30. Hydrocolloid carrageen is obtained from:

31. What is the net gain of ATP when each molecule of glucose is converted to two molecules of pyruvic acid?

32. The appearance of recombination nodules on homologous chromosomes during meiosis characterizes:

33.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: The primary CO2 acceptor in C4 plants is phosphoenolpyruvate and is found in the mesophyll cells. $\newline$ Statement II: Mesophyll cells of C4 plants lack RuBisCo enzyme. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

34. “Girdling Experiment” was performed by Plant Physiologists to identify the plant tissue through which:

35. XO type of sex determination can be found in:

36. Addition of more solutes in a given solution will:

37. If a geneticist uses the blind approach for sequencing the whole genome of an organism, followed by assignment of function to different segments, the methodology adopted by him is called:

38. Which of the following occurs due to the presence of an autosome-linked dominant trait?

39.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Assertion (A): Mendel’s law of independent assortment does not hold good for the genes that are located closely on the same chromosome. $\newline$ Reason (R): Closely located genes assort independently. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

40. Which part of the fruit, labeled in the given figure, makes it a false fruit?

41.

$\newline$ Read the following statements on lipids and find out the correct set of statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ (a) Lecithin found in the plasma membrane is a glycolipid $\newline$ (b) Saturated fatty acids possess one or more C=C bonds $\newline$ (c) Gingelly oil has a lower melting point, hence remains as oil in winter $\newline$ (d) Lipids are generally insoluble in water but soluble in some organic solvents

42. Transposons can be used during which one of the following?

43. While explaining interspecific interaction of population, (+) sign is assigned for beneficial interaction, (–) sign is assigned for detrimental interaction and (0) for neutral interaction. Which of the following interactions can be assigned (+) for one species and (–) for another species involved in the interaction?

44. In the following palindromic base sequences of DNA, which one can be cut easily by a particular restriction enzyme?

45. Which one of the following will accelerate the phosphorus cycle?

46. The entire fleet of buses in Delhi was converted to CNG from diesel. In reference to this, which one of the following statements is false?

47. Match the plant with the kind of life cycle it exhibits:

48. Match List-I with List-II:

49.

$\newline$ The anatomy of springwood shows some peculiar features. Identify the correct set of statements about springwood: $\newline$ $\newline$ (a) It is also called the earlywood $\newline$ (b) In spring season, cambium produces xylem elements with narrow vessels $\newline$ (c) It is lighter in color $\newline$ (d) The springwood along with autumnwood shows alternate concentric rings forming annual rings

50. What is the role of large bundle sheath cells found around the vascular bundles in C4 plants?

51.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: Fatty acids and glycerols cannot be absorbed into the blood. $\newline$ Statement II: Specialized lymphatic capillaries called lacteals carry chylomicrons into lymphatic vessels and ultimately into the blood. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

52.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: The release of sperms into the seminiferous tubules is called spermiation. $\newline$ Statement II: Spermiogenesis is the process of formation of sperms from spermatogonia. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

53. Which of the following is not the function of the conducting part of the respiratory system?

54. Identify the microorganism which is responsible for the production of an immunosuppressive molecule cyclosporin A:

55. Under normal physiological conditions in a human being, every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver how many ml of O₂ to the tissues?

56. Tegmina in cockroach arise from which segment?

57. In-situ conservation refers to:

58. Detritivores break down detritus into smaller particles. This process is called:

59. A dehydration reaction links two glucose molecules to produce maltose. If the formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆, then what is the formula for maltose?

60. Identify the asexual reproductive structure associated with Penicillium:

61. Select the incorrect statement with reference to mitosis:

62. Which of the following statements with respect to Endoplasmic Reticulum is incorrect?

63. In the taxonomic categories, which hierarchical arrangement in ascending order is correct in the case of animals?

64. In which of the following animals, the digestive tract has additional chambers like crop and gizzard?

65.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: Mycoplasma can pass through less than 1 micron filter size. $\newline$ Statement II: Mycoplasma are bacteria with cell walls. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

66. Which of the following is not a connective tissue?

67. Nitrogenous waste is excreted in the form of pellets or paste by:

68.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Assertion (A): All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates. $\newline$ Reason (R): Notochord is replaced by the vertebral column in adult vertebrates. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

69. Which of the following is a correct match for disease and its symptoms?

70.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Assertion (A): Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass and increased chance of fractures. $\newline$ Reason (R): A common cause of osteoporosis is increased levels of estrogen. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

71. In an E. coli strain, the i gene gets mutated, and its product cannot bind the inducer molecule. If the growth medium is provided with lactose, what will be the outcome?

72. If the length of a DNA molecule is 1.1 meters, what will be the approximate number of base pairs?

73.

$\newline$ Which of the following statements are true for spermatogenesis but do not hold true for oogenesis? $\newline$ $\newline$ (a) It results in the formation of haploid gametes $\newline$ (b) Differentiation of gamete occurs after the completion of meiosis $\newline$ (c) Meiosis occurs continuously in a mitotically dividing stem cell population $\newline$ (d) It is controlled by the Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) secreted by the anterior pituitary

74. Which of the following is present between the adjacent bones of the vertebral column?

75. Regarding Meiosis, which of the statements is incorrect?

76.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: Autoimmune disorder is a condition where the body’s defense mechanism recognizes its own cells as foreign bodies. $\newline$ Statement II: Rheumatoid arthritis is a condition where the body does not attack self cells. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

77. Natural selection where more individuals acquire specific character value other than the mean character value, leads to:

78.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: The coagulum is formed of a network of threads called thrombins. $\newline$ Statement II: The spleen is the graveyard of erythrocytes. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

79. Breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins and minerals or higher proteins and healthier fats is called:

80. In gene therapy of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency, the patient requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes because:

81. At which stage of life is the oogenesis process initiated?

82. Lippe’s loop is a type of contraceptive used as:

83. Which of the following functions is not performed by secretions from salivary glands?

84. If ‘8’ Drosophila in a laboratory population of ‘80’ died during a week, the death rate in the population is ______ individuals per Drosophila per week.

85.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: Restriction endonucleases recognize specific sequences to cut DNA known as palindromic nucleotide sequences. $\newline$ Statement II: Restriction endonucleases cut the DNA strand a little away from the center of the palindromic site. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

86. Which of the following is a correct statement?

87.

$\newline$ Which statement(s) is/are correct about genetically engineered insulin? $\newline$ (a) Pro-hormone insulin contains an extra stretch of C-peptide. $\newline$ (b) A-peptide and B-peptide chains of insulin were produced separately in E. coli, extracted, and combined by creating a disulfide bond between them. $\newline$ (c) Insulin used for treating diabetes was extracted from cattle and pigs. $\newline$ (d) Pro-hormone insulin needs to be processed for converting it into a mature and functional hormone. $\newline$

88.

$\newline$ Given below are two statements: $\newline$ $\newline$ Statement I: In a scrubber, the exhaust from the thermal plant is passed through electric wires to charge the dust particles. $\newline$ Statement II: Particulate matter (PM 2.5) cannot be removed by a scrubber but can be removed by an electrostatic precipitator. $\newline$ $\newline$ In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

89. The recombination frequency between the genes a & c is 5%, b & c is 15%, b & d is 9%, a & b is 20%, c & d is 24%, and a & d is 29%. What will be the sequence of these genes on a linear chromosome?

90. Match List-I with List-II:

91. Match List-I with List-II with respect to methods of contraception and their respective actions.

92.

$\newline$ Which of the following are not the effects of Parathyroid hormone? $\newline$ (a) Stimulates the process of bone resorption $\newline$ (b) Decreases Ca²⁺ level in blood $\newline$ (c) Reabsorption of Ca²⁺ by renal tubules $\newline$ (d) Decreases the absorption of Ca²⁺ from digested food $\newline$ (e) Increases metabolism of carbohydrates $\newline$

93. Select the incorrect statement with respect to acquired immunity.

94. Ten E. coli cells with ¹⁵N - dsDNA are incubated in a medium containing ¹⁴N nucleotides. After 60 minutes, how many E. coli cells will have DNA totally free from ¹⁵N?

95. If a color-blind female marries a man whose mother was also color-blind, what are the chances of her progeny having color blindness?

96. Which of the following is not a desirable feature of a cloning vector?

97. Match List-I with List-II:

98. Which one of the following statements is correct?

99. Select the incorrect statement regarding synapses:

100. Which of the following statements is not true?