To solve this problem, we need to identify which gametophyte among the given options is not independent and free-living. Let's analyze each option:$\newline \bullet$Option 1: Funaria$\newline$ - Funaria is a type of moss. In mosses, the gametophyte is the dominant and free-living stage.$\newline$ - Therefore, the gametophyte of Funaria is independent and free-living.$\newline \bullet$Option 2: Marchantia$\newline$ - Marchantia is a liverwort. In liverworts, the gametophyte is also the dominant and free-living stage.$\newline$ - Therefore, the gametophyte of Marchantia is independent and free-living.$\newline \bullet$Option 3: Pteris$\newline$ - Pteris is a type of fern. In ferns, the gametophyte is free-living but smaller than the sporophyte.$\newline$ - Therefore, the gametophyte of Pteris is independent and free-living.$\newline \bullet$Option 4: Pinus$\newline$ - Pinus is a gymnosperm. In gymnosperms, the gametophyte is not free-living. It is dependent on the sporophyte for nutrition.$\newline$ - Therefore, the gametophyte of Pinus is not independent and free-living.$\newline$Based on the analysis, the correct answer is Option 4: Pinus, as its gametophyte is not independent and free-living.