To solve this problem, we need to identify the process that allows seed formation without fertilization in flowering plants. Let's analyze each option:$\newline \bullet$Sporulation:$\newline$ - Sporulation is a process of spore formation, typically seen in fungi and some bacteria, not directly related to seed formation in flowering plants.$\newline \bullet$Budding:$\newline$ - Budding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. It is not related to seed formation in flowering plants.$\newline \bullet$Somatic hybridization:$\newline$ - Somatic hybridization involves the fusion of somatic cells from different plant species or varieties to form a hybrid. This process is not related to seed formation without fertilization.$\newline \bullet$Apomixis:$\newline$ - Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction, where seeds are formed without fertilization. It is a process observed in some flowering plants.$\newline$Therefore, the correct process for seed formation without fertilization in flowering plants is Apomixis.$\newline$This corresponds to Option 4.