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In the structure of ClF 3 , _3, 3 , the number of lone pairs of electrons on central atom ‘Cl’ is
easy
Chemical bonding and Molecular structure
2018
chemistry
Explanation To determine the number of lone pairs of electrons on the central atom 'Cl' in ClF 3 , _3, 3 , we need to follow these steps: \\
1. Determine the total number of valence electrons in ClF 3 : _3: \\
3 :
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• Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons.
• Each fluorine (F) atom has 7 valence electrons, and there are 3 fluorine atoms.
• Total valence electrons = 7 (from Cl) + 3 \times 7 (from 3 F atoms) = 28.
2. Calculate the number of electrons used in bonding:
• Each Cl-F bond uses 2 electrons.
• There are 3 Cl-F bonds, so 3 \times 2 = 6 electrons are used in bonding.
3. Calculate the number of electrons remaining as lone pairs:
• Total electrons = 28, electrons used in bonding = 6.
• Electrons remaining = 28 - 6 = 22 electrons.
4. Determine the number of lone pairs on the central atom (Cl):
• The remaining 22 electrons are distributed as lone pairs.
• Each lone pair consists of 2 electrons.
• On the central atom Cl, after forming 3 bonds, it has 10 electrons around it (6 from bonds and 4 from lone pairs).
• Therefore, the number of lone pairs on Cl is
4 2 = 2. \frac{4}{2} = 2. \\
2 4 = 2. Thus, the number of lone pairs of electrons on the central atom 'Cl' in
ClF
is 2.
This corresponds to Option 2.