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Did you know?
The human body has ~37 trillion cells — more than the number of stars in the Milky Way.
Which of the following set of molecules will have zero dipole moment?
Boron trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon dioxide, 1,3-dichlorobenzene
Nitrogen trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, water, 1,3-dichlorobenzene
Boron trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, carbon dioxide, 1,4-dichlorobenzene
Ammonia, beryllium difluoride, water, 1,4-dichlorobenzene
To determine which set of molecules has zero dipole moment, we need to analyze the molecular geometry and symmetry of each molecule.1. Boron trifluoride (BF):• BF is a trigonal planar molecule.• The three B-F bonds are symmetrically arranged at 120° angles.• The dipoles cancel each other out, resulting in a net dipole moment of zero.2. Hydrogen fluoride (HF):• HF is a linear diatomic molecule.• It has a significant dipole moment due to the difference in electronegativity between H and F.• Therefore, HF does not have a zero dipole moment.3. Carbon dioxide (CO):• CO is a linear molecule.• The two C=O bonds are equal and opposite, canceling each other out.• Thus, CO has a zero dipole moment.4. 1,3-Dichlorobenzene:• In 1,3-dichlorobenzene, the chlorine atoms are positioned at the 1 and 3 positions on the benzene ring.• The dipoles do not cancel out completely due to the asymmetrical arrangement.• Therefore, it does not have a zero dipole moment.5. Nitrogen trifluoride (NF):• NF is a trigonal pyramidal molecule.• It has a net dipole moment due to the lone pair on nitrogen.• Therefore, NF does not have a zero dipole moment.6. Beryllium difluoride (BeF):• BeF is a linear molecule.• The two Be-F bonds are equal and opposite, canceling each other out.• Thus, BeF has a zero dipole moment.7. Water (HO):• HO is a bent molecule.• It has a significant dipole moment due to the bent shape and electronegativity difference.• Therefore, HO does not have a zero dipole moment.8. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene:• In 1,4-dichlorobenzene, the chlorine atoms are positioned at the 1 and 4 positions on the benzene ring.• The dipoles cancel out due to the symmetrical arrangement.• Therefore, it has a zero dipole moment.Based on the analysis, the set of molecules with zero dipole moment is:Boron trifluoride, beryllium difluoride, carbon dioxide, 1,4-dichlorobenzene.This corresponds to Option 3.
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