To solve this problem, we need to identify the type of plants that produce pneumatophores and exhibit vivipary. Let's analyze the characteristics:$\newline \bullet$Pneumatophores:$\newline$ - Pneumatophores are specialized aerial roots that grow upwards and are commonly found in plants growing in waterlogged soils.$\newline$ - They help in gaseous exchange by allowing oxygen to reach the submerged roots.$\newline \bullet$Vivipary:$\newline$ - Vivipary is a condition where seeds germinate while still attached to the parent plant.$\newline$ - This adaptation is typically seen in plants growing in environments where seed dispersal and germination are challenging, such as saline or waterlogged conditions.$\newline$Now, let's match these characteristics with the given options:$\newline \bullet$Option 1: Halophytes$\newline$ - Halophytes are plants that grow in saline environments, such as mangroves.$\newline$ - They often exhibit adaptations like pneumatophores and vivipary to survive in such conditions.$\newline \bullet$Option 2: Psammophytes$\newline$ - Psammophytes are plants adapted to sandy soils, typically found in deserts.$\newline$ - They do not typically exhibit pneumatophores or vivipary.$\newline \bullet$Option 3: Hydrophytes$\newline$ - Hydrophytes are aquatic plants that live in water.$\newline$ - While they may have adaptations for aquatic life, they do not typically show vivipary.$\newline \bullet$Option 4: Mesophytes$\newline$ - Mesophytes are plants that grow in moderate environments with adequate water.$\newline$ - They do not exhibit pneumatophores or vivipary.$\newline$Based on the analysis, the correct option is:$\newline$Option 1: Halophytes$\newline$This corresponds to the correct option, which is Option 1.